- 1. The Scope of the Book: Estate Planning Introduced
- 1.4.4 The purposive approach
- 1.4.5 Three recent taxpayer successes
- 1.5.7 Transactions in securities
- 1.5.12 The three disclosure regimes
- 1.5.13 Two offshore disclosure regimes: 2007 and 2009
- 1.6.1 ‘Spotlights’ and ‘Signposts’
- 2. Inheritance Tax Mitigation: The Basics
- 3. Making Gifts: Outright or Protected?
- 4. Trusts: Tax-Efficient Management
- 6. The Family Business
- 6.1.3 Capital Gains Tax angles
- 6.3.5 Entrepreneurs’ Relief: Furnished Holiday Lettings
- 6.4.1 Summary principles
- 8. Chattels
- 9. Investments
- 11. Pensions
- 11.2.2 Withdrawing benefits
- 11.2.3 Transitional provisions
- 11.2.4 Unregistered schemes
- 11.3.1 The basic rule
- 11.3.2 Tax relief
- 11.3.3 Scheme input periods
- 11.3.4 Occupational schemes
- 11.4.1 SIPPs and SSASs distinguished
- 11.4.3 Transactions with employers
- 11.5.2 Tax-free cash
- 11.5.5 Death benefits
- 11.5.6 Age 75: ASP or annuity purchase?
- 11.5.7 Maximise or minimise income in retirement?
- 12. Charitable Giving
- 15. Leaving the UK
- 15.2.1 Overview
- 15.2.4 Occasional residence abroad not enough
- 15.2.5 Full-time work abroad
- 15.2.6 Ordinary residence
- 16. Non-UK Domiciliaries Living in the UK
- 17. Offshore Trusts and Companies
- 18. Wills
- 20. Compliance
2 - Inheritance Tax Mitigation: The Basics
Chapter: 2 - Inheritance Tax Mitigation: The Basics
A comparison
2.5.4
BPR is given only broadly to businesses which, or shares in unquoted companies (including AIM companies) which, trade – and which trade at a profit. By contrast, APR can be obtained by an agricultural landlord, whether at 100% or at 50%: here the qualifying period of ownership is seven years. Nor is the view to a profit required for APR. BPR is given on a worldwide basis, whereas APR is limited to property in the EEA. BPR is applied to market value, while APR is limited to ‘agricultural value’ (see 2.5.3(d)). The big advantage which farmers have over other businessmen is that APR can be given to the farmhouse, though this has been exciting recent adverse scrutiny from both HMRC and the Courts (see 7.2.2).
Woodlands can attract BPR, provided that they are managed in a business-like way (annual accounts, VAT registration etc), even if it is hard to show a profit on an annual basis: see 7.4.3.